Shopping

Shopping is a day to day activity for a modern man, we shop for must things and essentials, certain other times we shop for things we would like to have though avoidable and certain other times we shop only for our fancy. Our shopping habits are groomed according to our lifestyles, we select the goods and the shopping malls based on the standards we set for ourselves. Shopping is not just a habit but it is a hobby too. A consumer today, has a wide range of shopping centre to choose from - village markets to shopping malls to super markets and department stores. Here the spectrum and ranges of products vary. The satisfaction of a consumer depends on the situations. While we get satisfaction when we shop at a boutique for a designer attire, we get satisfaction and delight while we shop for home made toffees of fancy jewellery from a village market.

Over the years the shoppers’ habits, preferences and priorities have changed considerably. The consumers’ choices and preferences improve as their income level goes up. There is one more reason for the sudden burst in shopping. It is nothing but the exposure we get either through the media or by a chance visit abroad and human tendencies tend to catch up with better standards.

Shopping through the internet has become very popular in recent times. One can sit at home; pick and choose your product using plastic money. It is like having a super-market in your household. Shopping via the net is useful in many ways. You get a wide range of products, ample time to study and compare the products, their prices and take appropriate decisions. This facility is indeed useful for elderly people since they do not have to visit showrooms. And also for couples who are too busy with their job schedules.

One is exposed to new products, services and technologies through the internet and the fineness of presentation through the cyber world ‘tempts’ one and all to go for and ‘buy’ these products and services. Shopping, per se, that was once a part of the lifestyle of the ‘haves’ have now become a pastime for even the ‘havenots’ who got money to spare. Shopping for fun is a new trend for the upper class of society. For them, shopping for the sake of it gives a lot of pleasure. They are in the habit of collecting jewellery, designer clothing and other expensive lifestyle accessories. The new generation boutiques and shopping malls that have come up in metros recently are actually intended for such groups. These malls offer a variety of entertainment facilities apart from shopping. Realizing the changes in the tastes of the customers, the marketers bring in innovations in retailing by way of sales promotion, displays and credit facilities among others.

At a time of globalization and rising standards of life retailing is one area poised to prosper in the years to come. This would offer ample opportunities to fulfill the dreams of potential shoppers.

Web Directories - Basics

A web directory is a directory on the worldwide web. It specializes in linking to other web sites and categorizing those links. It lists websites by categories and sub-categories. The categorization is usually based on the whole website, rather than one page or a set of keywords, and sites are often limited to inclusion in one or two categories. Web directories often allow site owners to directly submit their site for inclusion, and have editors review submission for fitness. Some directories are very general in scope and list websites across a wide range of categories, regions and languages. But there are also a large number of niche directories, which focus on restricted regions, single languages, or specialist sectors. Examples of well known, general, web directories are Poly-Web Directory, Yahoo directory and the Open Directory Project (ODP). ODP is significant due to its extensive categorization and large number of listings and its free availability by other directories and search engines.

Directories have various types of listings, often dependent upon the price paid for inclusion:

• Free Submission - there is no charge for the review and listing of the site
• Reciprocal Link - a link back to the directory must be added somewhere on the submitted site in order to get listed in the directory
• Paid Submissions - a one-time or recurring fee is charged for reviewing/listing the submitted link
• Featured Listing - the link is given a premium position in a category (or multiple categories) or other sections of the directory, such as the homepage

• Bid for Position - where sites are ordered based on bids
• Affiliate links - where the directory earns commission for referred customers from the listed websites

A human-edited directory is created and maintained by editors who add links based on the policies particular to that directory.

Human-edited directories are often targeted by SEOs (Search Engine Optimization) on the basis that links from reputable sources will improve rankings in the major search engines. Some directories may prevent search engines from rating a displayed link by using redirects, no follow attributes, or other techniques.

Many human-edited directories, including the Open Directory Project and the World Wide Web Virtual Library, are edited by volunteers, who are often experts in particular categories. These directories are sometimes criticized due to long delays in approving submissions, or for rigid organizational structures and disputes among volunteer editors.

In response to these criticisms, some volunteer-edited directories have adopted wiki technology, to allow broader community participation in editing the directory (at the risk of introducing lower-quality, less objective entries).

Another direction taken by some web directories is the paid for inclusion model. This method enables the directory to offer timely inclusion for submissions and generally fewer listings as a result of the paid model. They often offer additional listing options to further enhance listings, including features listings and additional links to inner pages of the listed web site. These options typically have an additional fee associated, but offer significant help and visibility to sites and/or their inside pages.

Today submission of websites to web directories is considered as a common SEO technique to get vital back-links for the submitted web site. One distinctive feature of 'directory submission' is that it can not be fully automated like search engine submissions. Manual directory submission is a tedious and time consuming job and is often outsourced by the webmasters. All said and done web directories are a godsend to mankind as the information that one is able to obtain from them is most amazing, to say the least.